1st grade English worksheets

• Action verbs An action verb tells what someone or something does.
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• Articles (a, an, the) Use a before a consonant sound and an before a vowel sound: a banana, an apple.
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• Common and proper nouns A common noun names any one (city, girl, day). A proper noun names a specific one and starts with a capital (Chicago, Maya, Monday).
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• Coordinating conjunctions A conjunction joins ideas: and adds, but shows a difference, or gives a choice, so shows what happens because of it.
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• Identifying adjectives An adjective describes a noun. It tells what kind, how many, or which one.
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• Identifying nouns A noun names a person, a place, a thing, or an animal.
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• Identifying prepositions A preposition tells where, when, or how something connects: in, on, under, after, with.
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• Indefinite pronouns Indefinite pronouns point at no one in particular: everyone, someone, nobody, anything. They let a sentence talk about people and things without naming them.
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• Past, present, and future verbs Verbs tell time: walked already happened, walks is happening, will walk hasn't happened yet.
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• Personal pronouns A pronoun takes the place of a noun: he, she, it, we, they, her, my.
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• Plural noun rules Most nouns add -s. Words ending in x, ch, sh, or s add -es. Words ending in consonant + y change y to -ies.
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• Possessive pronouns Possessive pronouns show who owns something: my, mine, your, yours, his, her, hers, its, our, ours, their, theirs.
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• Question words Question words open the door to answers: who asks about people, what about things, where about places, when about times, why about reasons, and how about the way.
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• Subject-verb agreement The verb has to match the subject: one dog barks, two dogs bark.
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• This, that, these, and those This and these point to things close by; that and those point to things far away. This and that are for one; these and those are for more.
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• Complete sentences A complete sentence names who or what, then tells what happens. If a part is missing, it is not a sentence yet.
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• Expanding sentences A short sentence can grow. Add the words in parentheses where they fit best, and keep the capital and the period.
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• Sentence unscramble Find the word with the capital letter to start. Find the word with the end mark to finish. Build the middle so it makes sense.
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• Types of sentences A statement tells. A question asks. A command orders. An exclamation bursts with feeling.
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• Capitalizing names and dates Names of people, days, and months always get capital letters: Maya visits on Monday in June.
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• Capitalizing sentences and I Every sentence starts with a capital letter, and the word I is always a capital: Sam and I play tag.
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• Commas in dates A comma separates the day from the year: July 4, 2019. A weekday gets one too: Monday, June 8.
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• Commas in a series When you list three or more things, put a comma after each one before the last: hats, mittens, and boots.
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• End punctuation A telling sentence ends with a period. An asking sentence ends with a question mark. A strong-feeling sentence ends with an exclamation point.
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• Spelling words Each week has its own list, and most weeks share a secret: the words follow one spelling pattern. Find the pattern and half the list spells itself.
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Sight words

• Dolch grade 1 sight words Sight words are the words you meet so often that your eyes should know them without sounding out. Trace each one, then write it on your own.
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• Fry instant words Fry words are the words you meet most often in books. Know them on sight and reading speeds up.
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• Sight words Sight words are the little words you see everywhere. Sound out the parts you can, learn the tricky part by heart, and practice until you know the word in a snap.
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Word families

• Rhyming pictures, newnew Say both picture names. Words that rhyme end with the same sound. Write both words.
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• Short a word families Words in the same family share their ending: cat, hat, and bat are all -at words.
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• Short e word families Words in the same family share their ending: pet and wet are -et words; bell and shell are -ell words.
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• Short i word families Words in the same family share their ending: win and chin are -in words; kick and stick are -ick words.
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• Short o word families Words in the same family share their ending: hop and stop are -op words; rock and clock are -ock words.
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• Short u word families Words in the same family share their ending: bug and rug are -ug words; jump and bump are -ump words.
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Digraphs

• Beginning digraphs (sh, ch, th) Two letters can team up to make one new sound: sh in ship, ch in chip, th in thin.
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• Ending digraphs (sh, ch, th) Letter teams work at the ends of words too: fish ends in sh, lunch ends in ch, bath ends in th.
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Vowel teams

• Long a vowel teams (ai, ay) Two vowels can team up to say one long sound. Ai and ay both say the long a, and position picks the team: ay ends a word (play, day), ai works inside it (rain, train).
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• Long e vowel teams (ee, ea) Ee and ea both say the long e sound: see, eat. The tricky part is remembering which team each word uses.
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• Long i teams (igh, ie) Igh and ie both say long i. Igh often comes before t (night, light) and can end a word too (high); ie usually comes at the end of a short word (pie, tie).
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• Long o vowel teams (oa, ow) Oa and ow both say the long o sound: boat, snow. Oa works inside words; ow usually takes the end.
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• Long u teams (ew, ue, ui) Ew, ue, and ui all can say the long u sound: new, blue, fruit. Ew and ue like the end of a word; ui sits in the middle.
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• The two sounds of oo The team oo has two voices: the long howl in moon and the short push in book. Same letters, two sounds; your ear makes the call.
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• Variant vowel /ô/ (aw, au, al) Aw, au, and al all can make the same deep aw sound: saw, haul, walk. One sound, three spellings, each with favorite places to stand.
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R-controlled vowels

• R-controlled vowels (ar, or, er) When r follows a vowel, it bosses the sound around: car, corn, and bird don't use their short vowels.
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• R-controlled air and ear sounds R bends the vowel in front of it. Air, are, and ear can all say the air sound (chair, care, bear); eer, ere, and ear can say the ear sound (deer, here, hear).
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Syllables

• Counting syllables Syllables are the beats in a word. Clap them out: cat has one, apple has two, banana has three.
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• Syllable division (rab-bit, ti-ger) Big words break into beats. Two consonants in the middle? Split between them: rab-bit. One consonant? First try splitting after the vowel so it says its name (ti-ger). Not a word you know? Split after the consonant instead (lem-on).
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• Syllables with pictures, newnew Say the picture's name and clap once for every part you hear. Write how many claps in the box.
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Consonant blends

• Beginning blends (bl, cr, st) A blend is two consonants that work side by side, and you can still hear both: bl in black, cr in crab, st in star.
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• Ending blends (st, nd, mp) An ending blend is two consonants at the end of a word, and you can still hear both: the st in nest, the nd in hand, the mp in jump.
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• Three-letter blends A three-letter blend is three consonants together at the start of a word: scr, str, thr. Say every sound: s-t-r, street. In thr, the th is one sound, so you hear two: th-r.
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Alphabet & letter sounds

• Alphabetical order Alphabetical order means lining words up the way the alphabet goes. Look at the first letter; if two words share it, move one letter deeper and compare again.
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• Beginning sounds, newnew Say the picture's name out loud. Listen to the sound it starts with, and write the letter that makes that sound.
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• Ending sounds, newnew Say the picture's name and hold on to the very last sound. Write the letter for that sound.
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• Sound boxes, newnew Say the picture's name slowly. Every sound gets one box. Write one letter in each box, in order.
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Vowel patterns

• CVC picture words, newnew Say the picture's name slowly, one sound at a time. Write the letters for those sounds, in order.
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• CVC reading passages, newnew Say each sound, then blend the sounds into a word. Read the story, then write the word that answers each question.
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• CVC words A CVC word is consonant, vowel, consonant: cat, pig, dog. The vowel in the middle says its short sound.
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• Long vs. short vowels A short vowel is quick: bed, fish. A long vowel says its own name: seed, kite. Sort by what the vowel SAYS, not how the word looks.
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• Middle sounds, newnew Say the picture's name slowly and listen to the sound in the middle. Write the vowel you hear.
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• Silent e (magic e) Silent e says nothing itself, but it reaches back one letter and makes the vowel say its name: cap becomes cape, kit becomes kite.
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• Y as a vowel At the end of a word, y turns into a vowel. In little words it says long i (fly, sky). At the end of longer words it usually says long e (happy, puppy), but when the last part is stressed, y keeps long i: reply, July.
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Diphthongs

• Diphthongs oi and oy Oi and oy make the same gliding sound, as in coin and boy. Oi usually works inside the word; oy usually takes the end of a word or comes before another vowel (royal).
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• Diphthongs ou and ow Ou and ow both make the ouch sound, as in cloud and cow. Ou usually works inside the word; ow takes the end, and stands before -n and -l.
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Consonant patterns

• Soft c and soft g C and g usually go soft before e, i, and y: city, giant. Soft c says s; soft g says j. Before other letters they stay hard: cat, go. G breaks the rule in some words, like get and girl, so say the word to check.
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Word endings

• Inflectional endings (-ed sounds) The ending -ed has three voices: it says t in jumped, d in played, and id in wanted. The last sound of the base word picks the voice.
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Word relationships

• Compound words A compound word is two words joined into one new meaning: sun + flower = sunflower.
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• Opposites, newnew Two pictures, one word written. The second picture shows the opposite, and its word is in the bank.
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• Picture compound words, newnew Name both pictures, then push the two words together. The word you get is the compound word.
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• Shades of meaning Words come in strengths. Glad is a birthday card; thrilled is fireworks. Sorting everyday words from their stronger cousins tunes your word volume knob.
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• Word sorts (categories) Sorting words into groups, animals here, foods there, is thinking made visible. Every word belongs somewhere, and saying why is the real work.
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Word meanings

• Action words, newnew An action word says what somebody is doing. Look at the picture and ask: what is happening?
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• Body parts, newnew Point to it on yourself first. Then find its word in the bank and write it on the line.
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• Positional words, newnew The same cat is in every picture. What changes is where it is, and that is the word to write.
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• Weather words, newnew Every picture is a kind of weather. Say what the day is doing, then find that word in the bank at the top.
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Reading passages

• Animal reading comprehension, newnew An animal passage tells how an animal's body and habits help it live. Answer from the passage, not from what you already know about the animal.
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• Fact vs opinion, newnew A fact can be checked and proven: a spider has eight legs. An opinion tells what someone thinks or feels: spiders are creepy. Ask the test question: could we look this up and settle it?
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• Fiction reading comprehension The answers hide in the story. Read it once for fun, then go back and point to the exact sentence that proves each answer.
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• Main idea and details, newnew The main idea is what the whole passage is about, in one sentence. The details are the smaller facts that back it up.
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• Making inferences, newnew An inference is a smart guess the writer never says out loud. You mix a clue from the text with what you already know: if a character shivers and rubs her hands, you can infer she is cold.
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• Nonfiction reading comprehension Nonfiction is true information. Read to find out what the passage teaches, and be ready to point to the fact that answers each question.
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• Reading fluency passages Read the passage out loud for one minute. Read it the way you would talk: smooth, at a steady pace, and with the feeling the sentences call for. Fast is not the goal; smooth and accurate is.
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• Science reading comprehension, newnew A science passage explains how something in the world works. Find the sentence that answers each question, even when it surprises you.
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Comprehension skills

• Cause and effect, newnew A cause is why something happened. An effect is what happened because of it. Ask: what happened, and what made it happen?
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• Characters and setting Every story answers three questions: who is it about, where does it happen, and when? The characters are the who. The setting is the where and when.
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• Compare and contrast, newnew Comparing finds how two things are alike. Contrasting finds how they differ. Good readers do both at once.
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• Making predictions A prediction is a smart guess about what happens next. Find the clues, add what you know, and pick the ending the clues point to.
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• Picture sequencing, newnew Look at all the pictures first. Find the one that happens first and write 1 in its box, then keep going.
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• Problem and solution, newnew Find what is going wrong, and find what fixes it. The best stories also show tries that failed before the fix that worked.
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• Sequencing Events in a passage happen in order. Keep track of what happened first, next, and last, and watch for time words that tell you.
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• Text features, newnew Text features are a book's built-in helpers: headings, bold words, the table of contents, the glossary, the index. Good readers use them before reading, not just during.
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Letter formation

• Letter tracing, newnew Every letter starts at the top. The capital is tall; the small letter has its own size and its own home on the lines.
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• Printing letters Every letter has a shape and a home on the lines: tall letters touch the top, small letters live in the middle, and tails hang below.
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Words and joins

• Days of the week, newnew A day of the week is a name, so it always starts with a capital letter, even in the middle of a sentence.
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• Months of the year, newnew A month is a name, so it always starts with a capital letter, even in the middle of a sentence.
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• Name tracing generator, newnew Your name is the first word you learn to write. Start each letter at the top, and keep every letter sitting on the line.
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• Sentence tracing, newnew A telling sentence starts with a capital letter, has a space between every word, and ends with a period. Trace it, then write it yourself the same way.
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• Narrative sequencing words Stories move in order, and order words drive: first, next, then, after that, finally. They tell the reader where in the journey you are.
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• Opinion sentence frames An opinion sentence has two parts: what you think, and why. The frame holds the shape: I think ___ because ___.
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• Picture writing prompts, newnew Look at the whole picture first. Say one thing that is happening, then write that sentence down.
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• Sentence writing A sentence needs a capital at the front, an idea in the middle, and an end mark: a period, or a question mark if it asks. Take the two words, build the idea, write it whole.
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